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Introduction: We are currently conducting a research on the labour market integration of convicted prisoners (exclude those who are currently under pre-trial detention or have a non-final sentence) following their release. The study will involve a brief glimpse on international practices and will be concluded by a summary in which a comparison regarding the differences between them will be provided. I kindly ask you to provide an answer to each of these questions and also elaborate on them if necessary. We truly appreciate your valuable contribution.
1. Convicted prisoners haven't an obligation to work during their incarceration.
What is the percentage of employed convicts when compared to the general population? Please list those employment activities that are the most frequent.2. On average, about 35% of prisoners are employed monthly.
Do you organize vocational trainings within the institutions? Which ones are the most widely used/hosted?3. The majority of activities of vocational trainings are conducted within penal institution. If this is not possible, activities are organised outside.
Do you use external organizations as contributors during the employment and/or vocational training of convicts?4. Croatian penal system cooperates with external organizations during vocational training of convicts, mostly with Public Open Universities and middle schools.
What is the proportion of convicted prisoners based on their education?5. Education structure of convicted prisoners: More than half of the inmates have completed secondary school (53%). There are 27% of inmates with completed primary school, and only 0.5% does not know how to write, read, or even know basic computer operations. There is 4% of prisoners with higher or high school degree, and 2% of them is without school education. The rest of prisoners started some form of education but didn't jet succeed.
Do you offer education options for the convicts?6. The possibility of education is offered to sentenced inmates. Prisoners can be included in all levels of education from primary and secondary school to higher and high school qualifications or enrolment in postgraduate studies. Education encompasses about 13% of prisoners who, by completing their education, acquire different vocations.
Please provide a short introduction to the tasks aimed at preparing convicts for release and include a list detailing the staff members (or representatives of external authorities) who participate in these activities. How long before the expected release7. The preparation for release for prisoners begins after arriving in the Penal institution. The individual program of enforcement of sentence is established for each prisoner, including a program for release and after-release assistance. Professional advisers for treatment of prisoners encourage the responsible participation in Program for release (maintaining family relations, contacting state authorities, institutions and associations). No later than three months before discharge, the prisoner is involved in individual or group counselling related to release preparation. For prisoners who do not have accommodation, Penal institution cooperates with the competent institutions to resolve the accommodation problem. If necessary, the Probation Office will do the job of preparing the prisoner's acceptance after the release. Before the release of prisoners who is serving a prison sentence for a criminal offense against sexual freedom and sexual maturity, against life and body or criminal offense with elements of violence, the Prison shall inform the organizational unit of the Ministry of Justice competent to support victims and witnesses regarding to inform the victim or injured or their families. After release, ex-prisoners may be referred to the enforcement judge for the purpose of providing assistance and support and the enforcement judge cooperates with the social welfare centre that could be ordered to take action and after-release assistance procedures.
Do you perform follow-ups following the release of the convicts in order to measure the amount of recidivism? If yes, what method do you use? What is the current recidivism rate based on this?8. After the release of prisoners, the prison system has no jurisdiction to monitor the convicted person. Recidivism is only estimated in cases of re-entering the prison system. The system has about 41% of recidivists, i.e. those who have been serving prison sentences in the past.