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Welcome to the EuroPris Knowledge Management System. The table below shows questions and responses from European National Agencies. Select a question for more information or use the filters on the left to narrow down questions based on Agency or Category.
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Introduction: A new group program for sexual offenders will be taken in use in Finnish prisons. The Criminal Sanctions Agency would like to know what kind of programs aiming at rehabilitation of sexual offenders are used in other European countries. In this questionnaire by program they mean structured rehabilitation practice that is based on scientific theory and a handbook. If you have a program for sexual offenders in use in your country, please answer the following questions.
In our program we include all kind of sexual offender groups; all listed above and also cases where there is criminal offence in relation with Presentation, Manufacture, Possession and Distribution of Pornographic Material.
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.The program was originally developed by us. We have supervision group of people who work on that field in all our facilities.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?The program is based on cognitive-behavioural theory and methods.
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?The program for sexual offenders consists of diverse fazes: diagnostics and motivation; education which is placed inside 15 weeks and they have meeting for two hours every week; individual psychologic treatment, which is specifically design for each person; following up and preparation for release.
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?For now we have not perform any evaluation on the effectiveness. However as result we can report that there is hardly any recidivism of convicts that took part in the program.
We have individual program ("Uusi suunta"), it's targeted at all sexual offenders.
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.The program is originally developed by Finland.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?The program is based on motivational interviewing, RNR (risk, need, responsivity), cognitive-behavioral, Good Lives Model.
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?16 sessions (1-2/week).
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?There's no researches in Estonia.
The range of Interventions available are for all high risk Violence & Sexual offenders (Horizon & Kaizen programmes)
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.Yes all our accredited programmes are developed through Interventions Services
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?Each programme has its own Theory manual which explains the Theories underpinning the Intervention
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?Programmes differ but many can run between 6 – 18 months – the number of sessions depends upon the specific programme
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?Research is available via MOJ on previous interventions, currently Horizon & Kaizen are being evaluated
In Latvian imprisonment places the programme "Programme for monitoring persons who have committed sexual offences" (hereinafter –Programme) is implemented by the State Probation Service. Target audience – persons who have committed sexual offence, except persons who have committed sexual offence on the internet.
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.The programme is adopted. The author – S. Khachaturian (Russia). Programme developed by compiling the theory and practice from USA, Canada and UK programmes for sexual offenders.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?The programme is meant for group work and is based on Cognitive Behavioural theory and the Finkelhor model.
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?In imprisonment places the programme is 1.5 years long. It is implemented once per week, and the session is 6 hours long.
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?For now in Latvia there have not been any researches about the effectiveness of the programme. To get more detailed information, please contact the State Probation Service (www.vpd.gov.lv).
All medium to high risk sexual offenders.
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.The Moving Forward Making Changes Programme (for sexual offenders) was developed collaboratively by Scottish Government, the Scottish Prison Service and external specialist programme consultants.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?Moving Forward Making Changes (MFMC) is an intensive treatment programme for adult male sexual offenders. It was introduced in Scotland in 2014 following accreditation by the Scottish Advisory Panel on Offender Rehabilitation (SAPOR). In line with evidence that intensity of intervention ought to be linked to level of risk, it is aimed at offenders assessed as medium-high risk. Delivered both in the community (as part of offenders’ Community Payback Orders or as a condition of release) and in prison, MFMC is rooted in the ‘Good Lives Model’ (GLM) for offender rehabilitation. The GLM is a strengths-based approach. It assumes that everyone wants certain primary goods in their life, but that, for offenders, this desire manifests itself in harmful ways due to a range of deficits in the offender and/or their environment. GLM-based treatment programmes therefore focus on encouraging ways of obtaining these primary life goals in a ‘pro-social’ manner. The approach was introduced to address some of the perceived limitations of basing interventions solely on ‘Risk-Needs-Responsivity’ principles – namely that a risk-management approach did not address offender motivation to participate or provide an incentive to change. While CBT treatment programmes have been more frequently and robustly evaluated than have GLM-based programmes, there is growing evidence for the effectiveness of desistance focused approaches like GLM. MFMC is delivered via rolling groups (though it can also be delivered 1:1 or 2:1), with participants able to complete modules in different orders, focusing only on those modules relevant to their needs. This – and the fact that there is no pre-determined timescale for completion (although the Management Manual suggests it typically takes a maximum of 8 months to complete in custody or 12 months in the community) – distinguishes MFMC from previously endorsed sex offender treatment programmes like the Community Sex Offender Groupwork Programme, which followed a more fixed structure. The programme is primarily delivered by trained group facilitators, with case managers also actively involved in preparing and supporting clients through the programme. MFMC is currently delivered in the community by 11 Community MFMC teams and in four Scottish prisons.
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?As above, the programme is of a rolling modular design and can vary in length and intensity.
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?Independent research has been conducted on the programme and has just recently been completed. The MFMC Evaluation Report is under consideration by the main policy customers in Scottish Government and the Scottish Prison Service. MFMC is due to be submitted for re-accreditation in September 2018.
In Mecklenburg-Wetsenr Pomerania sex offenders are primarily treated in a social-therapeutic department. This is intended for all sex offenders.
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.The programs are not self-developed. In the social therapy there are individual therapies and group therapies. Psychological and psychotherapeutic one-to-one interviews are hold. In addition, group therapies such as the sex offender treatment program (BPS) and the sexual offender treatment program for inmates with learning disability (BPS-LS) are being implemented. The content of the programs is mainly about the insight and processing of the criminal offenses.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?The group programs are cognitive-behavioral based. The psychological individual treatment are based on the individual needs of the prisoner.
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?The group programs are carried out two times a week. The treatment takes about two years.
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?The evaluation is currently running, so there are no results available yet.
For all sexual offenders
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.The programme SeNAT was developed in collaboration with Ph. D. Douglas P. Boer (University of Canberra). The main aim is the prevention of repeated sexual offences and the reintegration of those who committed such offences into society. The main task: to help convicts identify and manage their risk factors and teach convicts to control and manage the factors in the future.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?SeNAT is based on cognitive-behavioural therapy methods. It is group program.
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?The recommended intensity time is about 3 hours, twice a week. 12 mandatory workshops are planned, but the total number of workshops may be higher due to the inclusion of related topics. Having properly completed the main tasks of the program the convict is considered to have completed the program and he/she is directed to the support program.
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?An evaluation of the effectiveness of the program in Lithuania has revealed that the SeNAT program helps to increase the self-control, self-awareness, social skills and decision-making strategies of the convicts.
In Norway there are different treatment/rehabilitation programs for sexual offenders. The programs are carried out in a cooperation between the Correctional Service and the Specialized Mental Health Service. Some prisons have the program SOTP (Sexual Offender Treatment Program), some prisons have a program named BASIS (“Treatment of sexual offenders in region south-east”), some prisoners may get leave (or they have escorted leave) for participation in specialized psychological treatment for sexual offenders outside prison and in one prison they have the ROS-program (Relations and how to live together). In addition to this, some of the Probation Offices can offer sexual offenders participation in therapeutic treatment programs. The programs are for different kind of sexual offender problematic and common is that the participants are selected by a screening where risk for reoffending is the central element.
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.The programs are mostly based upon programs/models developed in other countries. Se question 3 below.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?The BASIS-program is based upon the Good lives Model and it is an individual program. The SOTP-program is based upon a cognitive-behavioral methodology and it is a group-program. ROS is a cognitive-dynamic program for groups.
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?This will differ from program to program. Sometimes the lengths of one program also will be adjusted to the participant’s personal development.
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?There is no research or major evaluation done on the Norwegian programs, but there are on the international program-models.
The programme is meant for any type of sexual offender. The eligibility for a sexual offender to participate in the programme is based in two aspects: on the one hand, the treatment team should assess that is necessary that a particular offender is involved in the programme, and on the other hand, the offender should express his willingness to participate.
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.In 1993 in the wake of a number of high-profile media cases of sexual violence which raised major public concern, the penitentiary services in Catalonia asked for the collaboration of local and international experts. As a result, a number of research projects were conducted in Catalan prisons about sexual offenders (Garrido, Redondo, Gil, Torres and Beneyto, 1995). Based on the findings of these research projects, the SAC Programme was designed by Garrido and Beneyto (where SAC stands for sexual aggression control). The SAC programme has been implemented in the Catalan Autonomous Community for the treatment of sexual offenders to date, albeit it has undergone a number of innovations since its inception.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?The SAC Programme is based on the cognitive-behavioural approach and it focuses on the identification of high risk situations and emotions as well as on learning strategies to manage these. It also addresses the improvement of assertive and communication skills. The treatment is meant to have an influence on the factors related to the hostile mind-sets of individuals who have committed sexual offences such as their beliefs and attitudes towards women or children. The relapse prevention programme is also key in this framework.
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?It is mainly a group programme and it also includes individual follow-up. 3 sessions of 1’5 hours each are delivered on a weekly basis along the 9 to 12 months that the SAC Programme lasts.
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?The only research that has been carried out on the impact of the SAC Programme on recidivism is that by Redondo, Navarro, Martínez et al., 2005 Evaluation of the psychological treatment of sexual offenders in the prison of Brians. The findings of the research showed that the treatment reduces sexual recidivism by 14,1%.
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The program is targeting male adult sex offenders (all sex offences).
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.The program was first developed in 2005 in one of Croatian penitentiaries by two national experts - psychiatrist (external expert) and social pedagogue (member of penitentiary treatment staff). During 2007 Croatian Prison Administration applied for Dutch pre-accession bilateral programs MATRA FLEX to enable further development and dissemination of the program. Under this cooperation, Croatian prison staff had the opportunity to get additional education and to get insight into the system of treatment of sex offenders in prisons and psychiatric hospitals in Netherlands. After the cooperation with Dutch experts the Croatian program got additional value, but only in 2012 is was completely structured and manuals for implementation were designed (by a psychologist) which enabled education of prison staff and harmonized implementation in four different correctional institutions, with supervision of the initial co-author of the program.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?The program is based on elements of cognitive-behavioral therapy and is facilitated by a pair of two experts - psychiatrists, social pedagogues, psychologists and/or social workers (with additional training for the program delivery) in a group setting (8-12 prisoners).
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?The program is administered once a week during 10 months. Each session lasts 90 minutes.
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?First systematic evaluation of the program was made in 2013 where comparative analysis of indicators before and after the program (tracking changes in thoughts and attitudes of sex offenders) showed high effectiveness of a program and justification for its further implementation. For example, comparison of level of taking responsibility for controlling own sexual behavior and preventing reoffending at the beginning and at the end of a program showed that prisoners at the beginning of the program reject any responsibility for controlling their own sexual behavior and are unaware of their own possibilities of preventing reoffending. At the end of a program there is significant increase of responsibility and of insight in own capacities to prevent reoffending.
Social Therapy Unit (STU): all kind of sexual offenders General Prison (GP): all kind of sexual offenders
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.STU: The group program is based on the Sex Offender Treatment Program (SOTP) provided by the Ministry of Justice, UK (www.justice.gov.uk). We modified the program to make sure, that even those who have difficulties to either learn or to express themselves can follow. This means we follow the principles of the program but do need much more time. One (better two) of the (two to three) group coaches is always a psychologist. As far as we know in the United Kingdom groups are also carried out by special trained normal prison officers. Because of the severity of disorders and mental problems our experience is, that a psychologist is needed to prevent superficial work and/or problems that arise because of the severity of the themes that have to be brought out. In the STU one or two prison officers are participating in the group program to make sure, that the contents of the program are transferred into daily life of the unit for further training and learning. SOTP is in this unit one out of 14 different group programs that address the different problems of the inmates e. g. addiction, social behavior, problem solving capability, attentiveness. The STU did also work with the “Behandlungsprogramm für Sexualstraftäter” (BPS). This (only in German provided) program is similar to the SOTP and has been developed by three staff members (psychologists) of another STU in Lingen/Germany (www.iftr.info.de). We do not work with this program yet because all psychologists working in the unit are trained for SOTP. The results of BPS were comparable to SOTP. GP: The group programs in general prison do also base on the SOTP but emphasize working on the sexual biography.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?Cognitive-behavioral group program
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?Once a week, three hours (with break), one year
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?SOTP has been widely evaluated by the Home Office / Ministry of Justice in the UK. Updates based on evaluation are regularly published. Lately some critical results have been published (see attachment). STU is participating in an evaluation of SOTP done by the University of Greifswald/Germany (Nicole Scherf). Results have not been published yet.
The Irish Prison Service (IPS) has responsibility, in conjunction with the Probation Service, for the delivery of the National Sex Offender Treatment Program. The Building Better Lives Programme (BBL) is a therapeutic programme for men who acknowledge that they have committed a sexual offence and who have a desire to build a better life for themselves. The inclusion criteria for the BBL are: adult males with a history of harmful sexual behaviour; an acceptance and acknowledgement of the offence and a sentence length of 2 years or more. The program is not suitable for offenders who deny their offence or those who have an active psychiatric illness. The program is characterised by the following: -A robust risk assessment process -Intensive long-term structured, therapeutic work -A high degree of challenge and support for offenders undergoing the program -Regular review and monitoring of the level of engagement of the offender with the program and progress in targeted risk relevant areas. -Maintenance of change. -Development of a comprehensive risk management and resettlement plan
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.The BBL program is based on the Rockwood Psychological Services model (Marshall et al.) with adaptations for an Irish context.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?The BBL program is based on the following theoretical models: - Therapeutic relationship / group cohesion (Marshall et al ’03; Beech et al ’05) - Attend to empirically valid risk factors e.g. denial / empathy not linked to recidivism (Hanson, Mann & Thornton ’08) - Structured Cognitive Behaviour Therapy group (McGuire et al ’95) - Risk, Needs, Responsivity principles (Andrews & Bonta ’98) - Strength based ‘good lives’ model (Ward & Brown ’03)
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?The BBL program is comprised of three distinct phases of treatment. They are: Exploring Better Lives (Duration @ 3 months) The program is delivered once weekly for 2.5 hours on a rolling basis. The aims of the program are: - to develop hope and confidence about future - to develop trust, openness, cohesion, in the group Practicing Better Lives (Duration @ 9-12 months) The program is delivered twice weekly for 2.5 hours on a rolling basis. The aims of the program are: - to recognize the harm caused to others - to understand how they came to offend - to develop self-management skills - to support through-care plan Building Better Lives Support Group (ongoing) Participants in this phase of the program are looking at how they are coping, managing risk factors post the PBL and pre-release planning. Over the course of the entire program an offender will typically undergo 220 hours approximately in assessment, treatment support and planning for resettlement.
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?An evaluation of the BBL program was carried out between 2009 and 2015. The reference for this study is: Evaluation of the Building Better Lives Programme in Sexual and Violent Offenders. Stephanie O’Connor Thesis submitted to University College Dublin in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Psychological Science School of Psychology Supervisor: Dr Gary O’ Reilly June 2015
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The program is targeting all types of sex offender groups including online sex crimes and child pornography.
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.The program is developed by ourselves and was introduced in 2017.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?The program is based on the Risk-Need-Responsivity principles (Andrews and Bonta, 1998), attachment and affect theory, as well as cognitive- behavioural theory and methods. It addresses the specific risk factors and criminogenic needs of each participant in the program, using behaviour analysis and case formulations. The program can be used as a group program or as an individual program. For group participants it’s possible to add individual sessions if needed, for example to address sexual risk factors. The group format uses a continuously intake.
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?The program varies in intensity and length, depending on the specific risk, needs and responsivity of each participant and can take from a few months to a year to complete. In prison, group treatment is normally 3 hour’s sessions, twice a week. Group treatment at the probation office is usually 3 hours once a week. Individual sessions are usually once a week and range from one hour to 90 min. The program also includes follow up/booster sessions.
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?The program is yet to be evaluated.
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The program is designed for groups composed of two coaches and up to eight participants, who at the time of application are serving or have served a sentence of imprisonment imposed for the commission of sexual offences under Art. 152 of the Criminal Code (Rape). It is highly recommended that the program`s coaches are representatives of both sexes.
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.As a basis for the development of the program are used the following programs: "Correctional program for prevention of sexual violence", which is based on cognitive-behavioural approach to working with perpetrators of sexual offences and the program "Good life", which is implemented by the Scottish Prison Service to work with convicted for sexual offences.
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?In essence, the program is focused on group process that is basically based on proven psychological, social, correctional and therapeutic approaches and programs. Its purpose is to assess the individual capacity and coping strategies of males who are sentenced for sexual offences and through the individual's personal and supportive environment to contribute to minimising the risk of recidivism to commit a new sexual offence.The main focus of the program is on the risk management model. To increase the motivation for personal change by encouraging positive goals and aspirations towards them, so that needs can be met without breaching the rules. The program is based on positive psychology and the strength-based approach.
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?The duration of the program is fixed within 8 months with 2 mandatory individual meetings and up to 64 group sessions divided into 8 modules: First module - "Motivation, boundaries and group rules"; Second module - "Self-knowledge"; Third module - "Communicative skills"; Fourth module - "Emotional Intelligence"; Fifth module - Cognitive-behavioural model; Sixth module - "Aggression"; Seventh Module ""The offence"; Eight module - "Program Completion". Individual meetings are held with each participant at the beginning and end of the program. Group meetings are held twice a week for a maximum of up to 3 hours and are located within a maximum of 3 group sessions. Sessions in the program last for 60 minutes, but depending on the group dynamics and the individual resource of the participant, they can be carried out in a range of 45 to 120 minutes. In the course of their learning, knowledge and skills for self-reflection, risk assessment, active coping with difficult life situations and others that are applied in real life and the following sessions for integration and consolidation are being discussed and analysed. The total duration of the program varies for each participant and depends on a number of static and dynamic variables including: personality potential, intellectual potential, risk level of harm, needs, motivation, individual experiences, etc.
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?So far no research/evaluation has been conducted on the effectiveness of the program.
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The programs aimed at the rehabilitation of sex offenders currently ongoing in some Italian prisons are addressed to persons sentenced for the following sexual crimes with both adults and minors as victims: sexual assault, rape, sexual harassment, incest, sexual assault against minors, corruption of a minor.
Is the program originally developed by yourself or by some other agency / country? If it is not developed by yourself, please provide further details of the program.The treatment of sex offenders, provided for by article 13-b of the Italian Penitentiary Act, in the prisons where there are not specific projects ongoing, is based on individual interviews with a psychologist. The first specialist rehabilitation program for sex offenders was activated in 2009 by professor Paolo Guglielmo Giulini in the prison of Bollate (Milan), where a special wing was established, named the Wing for Intense Treatment (UTI). The activities carried out in the UTI are inspired to the experiences and the manuals from the Pinel Institute in Montreal. (Canada)
Which theory and methods is the program based on (cognitive-behavioral, strength-based like Good Lives Model etc.) and is it individual or group program or both?That program is based on the cognitive-behavioral model “Risk-Need-Responsivity, with the use of the Good Lives Model. It provides for the intervention of an integrated multi-disciplinary team, composed also of professionals from the Local Healthcare Agency, the local agency for Mental Health and the local bodies. That integrated team carries out coordinated actions for developing processes of individual critical review and self-awareness, also through the use of tools for the assessment of recidivism risk. The inclusion in those specialist treatments is made upon the offender’s request, often following a work on his motivation made by the prison observation team; in general, the offender should undersign a contract of involvement in the project. The individual requirements to be fulfilled in order to participate is that the subject is over 18 years old, that he is sentenced – even not finally sentenced; that he speaks Italian; that he does not have any kind of substance addiction nor any evident psychopathology requiring other care. Since some years, the access to the program is granted also to absolute deniers, provided that they have characteristics which can be treated, based on clinical and criminological assessments. The programs provide for group meetings (wing assembly, group meetings, relapse prevention groups, etc.) but also individual interviews and include expressive social-educational activities (such as art-therapy and psychomotricity) The assessment of the offender’s personality is made during the initial phase of his introduction in the program, where the aim is understand his individual characteristics, his functioning and the possibility to treat him; such assessment is then continued during the whole duration of the project. Upon his release, the offender is sent to the criminological agencies of the community, where they exist; if he is granted alternative or substitutive sanctions or measures, the judge can decide to send him to specific local agencies as a necessary requirement to fulfil for the access or the execution of the alternative measure. In Milan, a Local Criminological Centre was set up in collaboration with the Municipality of Milan: said Centre organizes weekly treatment groups for offenders in prison, as well as activity of risk assessment. Other programs, inspired to the model applied in Bollate, but adapted to local different contexts, are currently ongoing in other Italian prisons: Vercelli, Prato, Rome Rebibbia and Pesaro.
How long and intensive is the program (weeks, months, sessions / week)?The duration of the program varies from 12 to 18 months
Has any research / evaluation been done on the effectiveness of the program? If yes, what was the result?No studies were carried out so far in this field