Yes.

We have two main programmes in relation to this question. In ordinary regimen, we have what we call "Módulos de respeto", where inmates have a lot of autonomy in their daily routine. The other one is the programme "Convivir", which is thought for alternative measures.

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We do not have any such interventions where we would delivery exclusively content about values, attitudes, and morals. However through different treatment approaches there are opportunities to meet and have dialogue about the the values, attitudes and morals.

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Yes; in relation to ethics / morals / thinking / attitudes, reasoning, moral/ethical reasoning, these are all features of work which NIPS undertake and which contribute to good citizenship and desistance theories.

Research informs us that interventions to target ethics/morals, or attitudes/beliefs directly are generally found to be of limited positive impact. More effective approaches to changing attitudes and beliefs and thereby developing ethics/morals is through changing behaviour, with the aim that the attitudes and beliefs will fall into line with the behaviour. Staff as positive role models displaying appropriate ethics/morals/attitudes/beliefs can become one of the most powerful factors in developing these attributes in those we care for. Often those in our care have been exposed to anti-social patterns of attitudes and behaviours which they have socially learned from. Having positive role models while in custody with pro-social attitudes and behaviour can have an on-going positive impact. In terms of Psychological interventions (non-offence specific) the Thinking Skills Programme would meet some of these criteria as the programme incorporates treatment needs in relation to emotional awareness, perspective taking, seeing the whole picture and goals and values. Part of the problem solving and wider TSP is about encouraging the development of critical reasoning skills. Perspective taking encompasses learning to look at situations from different points of view, part of which reflects the different attitudes and beliefs held within each viewpoint. The Goals Programme is about developing goals for the future and planning for how to achieve them in pro-social ways. This may include family, social supports/networks, education, training and work. Other interventions such as Victim Impact, help by looking at how crime impacts on victims, challenging beliefs that there are no victimless crimes thereby challenging some of the attitudes and beliefs. The Barnardo’s Being a Dad programme helps to consider assists in looking at positive role models to children. There are a number of other more educational activities which would come in the form of Sport and Health, Budgeting Skills, improving employability, work experience and enterprise opportunities which can all impact on attitudes and beliefs.

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We would like to inform about the interventions (social programs, lectures, seminars, work group or other practices) which teaches persons in custody of the Penitentiary Administration System to the values, attitudes, and morals: - within the framework of Penitentiary Administration System has been developed and is implemented "The moral-spiritual education programme for persons deprived of their liberty", approved by order No.37 of 26.01.2021. The programme is conducted by the Specialist in Moral-Spiritual Education and The Educators Officers of the Penitentiary Social Reintegration Division.

- the penitentiary institutions collaborating with representatives of the civil society (charity associations, non-governmental organisations and religious confessions), whose activities have a beneficial impact on the behaviour of persons deprived of their liberty. From the beginning of the year, the Department of Social Reintegration has examined the appeals of several NGOs (charity associations, non-governmental organisations and religious confessions), regarding the coordination of penitentiary activity programmes and subsequent request for access from the directors of penitentiary institutions, to carry out moral-spiritual and cultural-artistic education activities. Within these programmes, the work on implementation is carried out by the representatives of the NGOs, being assisted by the Educators Officers of the Penitentiary Social Reintegration Division.

e-mail: [email protected]

We would like to inform about the interventions (social programs, lectures, seminars, work group or other practices) which teaches persons in custody of the Penitentiary Administration System to the values, attitudes, and morals: - within the framework of Penitentiary Administration System has been developed and is implemented "The moral-spiritual education programme for persons deprived of their liberty", approved by order No.37 of 26.01.2021. The programme is conducted by the Specialist in Moral-Spiritual Education and The Educators Officers of the Penitentiary Social Reintegration Division.

- the penitentiary institutions collaborating with representatives of the civil society (charity associations, non-governmental organisations and religious confessions), whose activities have a beneficial impact on the behaviour of persons deprived of their liberty. From the beginning of the year, the Department of Social Reintegration has examined the appeals of several NGOs (charity associations, non-governmental organisations and religious confessions), regarding the coordination of penitentiary activity programmes and subsequent request for access from the directors of penitentiary institutions, to carry out moral-spiritual and cultural-artistic education activities. Within these programmes, the work on implementation is carried out by the representatives of the NGOs, being assisted by the Educators Officers of the Penitentiary Social Reintegration Division.

e-mail: [email protected]

We do not have any special program or intervention that is focused only at changing the values, attitudes or moral sense of inmates. In the prison system of the Slovak Republic, we use two groups of activities in the treatment of convicts. The first group consists of the prescribed activities of the treatment program which are determined by the specialised prison staff for each convicted person individually based on diagnosed risk and needs of the convict in order to achieve successful resocialisation. These activities (e.g. education, gaining and increasing work habits, therapeutic activities, resocialisation and edifying-educational programs, lectures, seminars) are focused also on working with the values, attitudes and morality of convicts. The second group of activities consists of variety of leisure activities, from which the convict may choose on the basis of his own choice. In addition to sport and cultural activities, these activities include also awareness-raising activities aimed at the area of morality, change of attitudes and values.

See the answer to the question no. 1.

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Yes.

Constructs is a structured programme designed to be delivered in a group setting. In terms of its duration, it is a relatively short intervention of approximately 10 weeks at a delivery rate of 3 sessions per week. The main aim of Constructs is to achieve a measurable reduction in re-offending for participants who complete the programme. However, while that remains integral to what the programme seeks to achieve (albeit recognising that Constructs should be considered as one part of a wider approach to risk reduction and the promotion of desistance), the underlying philosophy is one of promoting and empowering participants towards a more positive, pro-social lifestyle. The aims of the programme are: • To increase and maintain motivation to change; • To develop competence in social problem solving; • To generate a set of goals that will allow the individual to pursue, and ultimately lead, a more fulfilling – offence-free – life in the future; • To enhance self-efficacy, specifically participant’s belief in their ability to (i) achieve goals, (ii) live an offence-free lifestyle, (iii) implement the range of skills that will be taught throughout the programme; • To enhance emotional awareness, not just of negative emotions such as anger, but also more positive emotions. In addition, to improve skills in emotions management; • To challenge existing criminal attitudes and develop a more pro-social value base; and • To develop a positive support network, consisting of individuals most likely to promote pro-social values, and provide emotional support as necessary. Constructs has been designed for men and women aged 18 and above and specifically targets persistent offenders, i.e. those convicted of multiple offences. In terms of risk, those selected for Constructs will ideally have been assessed using the Level of Service Case Management Inventory (LS/CMI; Andrews, Bonta & Wormith, 2004) and will fall in the medium risk of re-offending bracket or above. In addition, they will have demonstrated needs targeted by the programme as identified via the Generic Programmes Assessment (GPA). There are four Stages to the Constructs programme. Stage 1: Motivation and Meaningful Goals Stage 2: Problem Solving Stage 3: Skills Acquisition Stage 4: Self-Management

Resocialization specialists implement the individual program BIC (Behaviour-Interview-Change); a cognitive correctional program "One to one", educational sessions are organized, NGOs give lectures, representatives of religious communities invite inmates, individually or in groups, to discuss and analyse moral dilemmas, values, etc. This year the trainings on inmates’ self-development are planned which cover such topics like My identity (self-esteem, values/ principles); Adaptation to change, motivation; Stereotypes and misconceptions, etc. Teaching of values, attitudes, and morals requires corrective, reliable programs.

1) The Lithuanian prison system implements the program on social skills development. This practical program consists of 3 main modules: relationship with oneself; relationship with others; relationship with activities. The first module covers such topics as values, self-esteem and identity. The second module focuses on relationships and communication and covers the topics of stereotypes and misconceptions. The program is continuous, designed to develop social skills in a complex way, more practical sessions are provided instead of theoretical learning. 2) Cognitive–behaviour correctional program EQUIP, its approach includes training in moral judgment, anger management/correction of thinking errors, and prosocial skills. 3) The Project Second chance is based on a correctional house-animal partnership program (inmates sentenced for violent crimes raised Labrador retriever puppies). Inmates attended psychological sessions, during which they not only developed social and anger management skills, but also discussed compensation of crime-related harm to society, assistance and caring. 4) A successful but one-time initiative implemented in prison - paramedic courses for a group of inmates where inmates were trained to provide first aid and save a person’s life. The trainings stimulated inmates to rethink their values, to understand how quickly a person can be injured and how difficult it is to save lives. Empathy was developed during the courses.

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In Latvian Prison Administration (hereinafter – Administration), the programs that include topics on values and attitudes, are improved, developed and adopted in the framework of the European Social Fund project No.9.1.3.0/16/I/001 “Enhancing the Effectiveness of Resocialisation System” (hereinafter – Project).

The Administration has resocialisation programs which include topics/modules on values, attitudes and morals: 1) “School of life – 3” (planned to be revised) Objective of resocialisation program - to develop the personality of each prisoner in order to prepare them for release and integration into society, helping acquire and develop basic social skills such as the ability to learn from one’s own and others’ experiences, the ability to build lasting and stable relationship, the ability to collaborate and work in group etc. Included topics/modules on values, attitudes and morals - 2nd Module “Concept of Relationship” with the following activities: Family values and traditions Love as a resource Research of stereotypes Types of behaviour and their influence on interpersonal relationship How to say “no”? Interpersonal communication Communication without conflicts Problem solving Stress management Emotional intelligence Time management Health. Healthy thinking Types of addiction and overcoming them Friendship as a value Ask and accept help Taking care of yourself and others Lifelong learning Towards a profession Spirituality Meaning of life 2) “Say “Yes!” to changes” Objective of resocialisation program - to promote and strengthen the internal motivation of convicts for changes. Included topics/modules on values, attitudes and morals - 3rd activity “Life values” with the following tasks: 1. Encourage self-awareness so that group members start to think about what they want to change about themselves, their character and/or behaviour, and why it would be important for them. 2. To give group members an understanding of what values are and why it is important to understand the values of their lives. 3. To promote group members' understanding of what they care about most, what values they choose to manage their lives. 4. Encourage group members to think about the compliance / non-compliance of their lives and behaviours with the chosen values, in order to encourage participants to reflect on the potential need for changes. 3) “EQUIP” (currently revised) Objective of resocialisation program - significantly reduce the anti-social behaviour of convicted young people as well as improve their social skills, anger management skills, moral judgment, promote the mutual understanding between young people, help teach them to recognize and prevent thinking mistakes. Included topics/modules on values, attitudes and morals - Module “Moral judgment”. Program module “Mature Moral Judgment (Social Decision Making)” aim is not to interfere with private “morals” or to dictate morality but instead to facilitate moral-cognitive development along the lines that it would naturally take so that inmate will make more mature decisions in social situations. In the framework of the Administration Project 1.4.3. activity “Re-evaluating and improving efficiency of the Latvian Prison Administration improved and new resocialisation programs”, it is planned to replace the existing program “Value education and communication skills” (year 2007) by developing a new social skills’ program “Me and others”, which aims to promote the development, improvement and strengthening of intrapersonal and interpersonal communication and interrelation skills. Some of the planned tasks of this program are a) to promote understanding of one's basic needs, values of life and goals of life, b) to develop the ability to express one's opinion constructively without offending others; talk about your thoughts, feelings, expectations, needs; provide constructive feedback; c) to develop the ability to defend one's opinion constructively, without offending others; d) to promote the recognition of mistakes, stereotypes through critical thinking in communication with other people. The development of the program has started in March 2021 and it is planned to complete it by the end of 2021. While, in the framework of the Project activity 1.5.3 “Acquisition of resocialisation programs not currently used in the Latvian Prison Administration” it is planned to adopt three programs: - R & R2 Short version for Adults (Framework Program); - Judgment and rehabilitation program for minors and adults with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (R&R2 for ADHD Youths and Adults; R&R2ADHD); - Judgment and rehabilitation program for minors and adults with mental health problems (R&R2 for Youth and Adults with Mental Health Problems; R&R2MHP). Any version of the R & R2 program is designed to help offenders acquire the cognitive, social, and emotional skills and values necessary to transition from antisocial to prosocial behaviour. It is essential that the skills are trained and that the values that enable offenders to resist the environmental and personal factors that shape and promote anti-social behaviour are recognized and adopted. Negotiations are currently underway with the Cognitive Center of Canada on the conditions and procedure for adopting these programs, and the possibilities of adopting and implementing these programs in Latvia are being evaluated. In case of a positive decision, it is planned to conclude the adoption procedure of these programs by the end of 2022.

For additional information please write to Ms Jolanta Zagere (Senior Desk Officer of Project Department, Latvian Prison Administration) - e-mail: [email protected]

HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) offer an extensive range of provisions and pathways to support individuals in reducing their reoffending, including accredited offending behaviour programmes, offender management in custody, prison officer keyworkers, a range of interventions in the form of toolkits, prison education, and health and social support such as engagement work in readiness for return to society and support in leaving with a place to live. Further provisions include psychologically informed planned environments (PIPEs) and therapeutic communities. For a full list of the current accredited offending behaviour programme offer, please visit https://www.gov.uk/guidance/offending-behaviour-programmes-and-interventions. Please also find attached to this response a copy of the Interventions Services Programme Introductory Guide, a document providing a brief overview of the programmes and toolkits managed by HMPPS Interventions Services directly. You can also contact the Interventions Services team directly by emailing [email protected] For information on other programmes or rehabilitative work, please contact providers directly. Information on assistance and treatment for substance misuse can be obtained by contacting NHS England.”

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Specialized programs conducted in prisons in Bulgaria aimed at changing thinking skills, attitudes, tolerance to differences, increase of communication skills and others, which help the process of their resocialization Thinking skills – cognitive behavioral program orientated to offenders, who do not have skills to control their criminal behavior due to the lack of problem-solving skills. This program aims to change their thinking, which can be realized by building skills to resolve interpersonal conflicts, increase of self-control, development of the creative thinking and self-knowledge. The training is carried out in the form of lectures, group discussions, role-playings, tests, settling cases and etc. from 3 trainers. It is successfully finished by all participants /on a project of Norwegian Financial Mechanism (NFM)/. Tolerance in prison, tolerance in life – a cognitive behavioral program, which combines analysis of personal experience with psycho-educational elements carried out in 10 sessions of 1.5 hours. It aims to increase the tolerance of participants for habitation with different people, both inside the prison and after release by providing effective and practical applicable exercises for change of antidiscrimination attitudes and creation/increase to the tolerance to people with differences in the environment of penitentiary institutions. The used working methods are sharing of one’s own experience and opinions in the form of conversations, discussions, trainings and etc. Training in skills for assertive behavior – it is aimed at increasing of knowledge, skills and competences to cope with the anger, assertiveness in behavior and reduction of the aggression and dignity, encouragement and recognition of this behavior in others, transformation of aggressive attitudes and violence. To master effective communication, to cope with the emotions, defense of the rights without violating the rights of others, formation of a higher competence, helping them to take responsibility for their behavior in prison, as well as in society. The methodology used to achieve effective results includes situation techniques, role-playings, individual presentation, dialogue between the participants, work in subgroups, as thus opportunities for better acquaintance are created, a trust is built and an opportunity for fuller expression of each participant is given. Handling with life problems through a change of thinking – the program is aimed at contributing for a positive change in the skills to cope with problem life situations and evading conflicts with the law. Reduction of negative states by finding a new way to cope with the life challenges, transformation of the rigidity in the thinking and behavior of offenders. There are conducted 10 sessions of 1,5 hours in which the participants are trained to analyze and assess the problems, to determine their leading aims and to choose an appropriate coping strategy. The program is realized through work in small groups, role-playings, case work, active listening, discussions, inquiries and etc. Work with inmates with low intellectual level and vulnerable groups – the program is aimed at helping the process of adaptation to prison conditions, as well as facilitating the reintegration in the initial critical period after release. It aims at stimulating the convicts with low intellectual level of positive change in behavior and way of thinking. To motivate them to work and use constructively their free time, as well as to create an increase of their self-esteem and self-reflection. It is conducted in 16 sessions х 1,5 hours, which take place in the form of semi-structured thematic discussions, aimed at achieving the objectives of the program. In the process of group work are used elements of the game art-therapy and socio-drama, the phenomenon of the group dynamic and process is also used. How to communicate better – the program is aimed at acquainting participants with the peculiarities and varieties of communication, knowing the conflict and the particularities of communication in such situation, acquainting with the types of communication and active listening, and at all to learn to communicate better. Individual and group techniques for self-knowledge, verbal and non-verbal exercises, plays, talks, discussions and etc. are used. Control of anger – it is designed to form adequate behavior and enrich the social experience of the penitentiary treated people. The work is aimed at recognizing problems in everyday life, analysis of aggressive manifestations and development of strategies to effectively deal with the accumulation and expression of anger. The participation of the involved people was constant and regular, the occupations were calm and active. Personality-behavioral development – a specialized correctional program for inmates with low intellectual level and people with mental health problems elaborated with the support of NFM. It is aimed at developing cognitive, social and communicative skills and abilities for easy adaptation of people with low intellectual level to prison conditions and rules, as well as successful integration in society after leaving the places of deprivation of liberty. Dealing with life problems by changing the thinking – it is conducted by two trainers and all participants finished it successfully. A cognitive-behavioral program aimed at offenders who do not have skills to control their criminal behavior due to the lack of problem-solving skills. The aim of this program is to change their thinking, which can be achieved by building skills to resolve interpersonal conflicts, to increase the self-control, to develop the creative thinking and self-knowledge. The training is carried out in the form of lectures, group discussions, role-playings, tests, settling cases and etc. /on a project of NFM

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Working on ethics is integrated in the everyday activities provided by the Flemish community. It is part of our core business since we are responsible to stimulate the self-development of prisoners, repair the social, relational and psychological balance of the inmate, minimize damage from detention, improve re-integration and participation in society, stimulate the process to restore the relationship between, victim, culprit and society and reduce the risk of recidivism. Ethics can be part of our activities, both implicit and explicit.

We work on the competences implicit in every course and activity where prisoners are asked to be respectful to monitors and teachers, to communicate with the other participants, to obey the rules that exist within the activity, to commit to a long-term trajectory and so forth. We also work on these skills more explicitly in activities concerning restorative justice and philosophy. In multiple Belgian prisons there have been projects on philosophy in which prisoners get the opportunity to reflect on society and their role in it.

Those projects usually are initiated by De Rode Antraciet (https://www.derodeantraciet.be/internationaal/). Recently, we also had restorative justice initiatives (“Samenspraak”) that brought victims and culprits of different offences together to discuss the impact on society. These projects are initiated by Moderator ([email protected]) and bring restorative justice within prison walls.